The decline, East to West, of the Golden-winged Warbler

The decline, East to West, of the Golden-winged Warbler



The once common now has one of the smallest populations of any songbird not on the Species List. An estimated 400,000 breeding adults remained in 2013—a drop of 66 percent since the 1960s, based on Breeding Bird Survey numbers. This survey, which focuses on males singing on territories, began in 1966; we have no comparable data to fill in what happened with populations before that year.

In the Appalachian Mountains, where the number of individuals counted on each Breeding Bird Survey Route was very high when the Survey began in the 1960s (almost 3 counted on average per survey route), the situation is beyond critical: the regional population there has fallen by 98 percent.

If the species had a “surplus population” with any uncounted “floaters,” (males not singing because they didn’t hold a territory), they’d already disappeared before the dramatic declines shown on Breeding Bird Surveys.

The decline, East to West, of the Golden-winged Warbler
Golden-winged Warbler
GWWA SUR
Golden-winged Warbler, Survey-wide
GWWA Appalachians
Golden-winged Warbler, Appalachians

In 1966, New Hampshire numbers of Golden-winged Warblers were quite low–whether they had been in previous decades can’t be determined. Their numbers were relatively high in 3 individual years of the Survey, but each of those was a genuine outlier.

GWWA NH
Golden-winged Warblers have been spotty at best as far north as New Hampshire.

Pennsylvania reaches fairly far west for an Eastern Seaboard state. Golden-winged Warbler numbers were more robust at the start of the Breeding Bird Survey, but have declined dramatically.

GWWA PA
Golden-winged Warblers declined rapidly since the start of the 70s in Pennsylvania

New York State’s numbers started lower than those of Pennsylvania, and the decline has been quite steady.

GWWA NY
New York started with a smaller population than Pennsylvania in the 60s.

Michigan’s Golden-winged Warbler population was comparable to Pennsylvania’s in 1966, and the downward trend was very similar.

GWWA MIC
Michigan started with a population comparable to Pennsylvania’s. The decline was slower.

In 1966, Wisconsin’s population was about at the level of that in the Appalachian Mountains. The decline was less noticeable in the early 70s, but since then the decline has been quite noticeable.

GWWA WIS
Wisconsin’s population of Golden-winged Warblers declined slowly at first, but now is growing dire.

Minnesota, the state at the western end of the Golden-winged Warbler’s range, has the most robust population of them right now, with no show yet of a decline.

GWWA MIN
The furthest West state with breeding Golden-winged Warblers, the decline is not yet being noticed here, with current numbers comparable to Wisconsin’s in the 1970s.

In Ontario, at the northern end of their range, numbers have been fairly steady.

GWWA ONT
Golden-winged Warbler population in Ontario.

Manitoba used to be further north than Golden-winged Warblers reached. Might they be extending their range north with climate change? Or might it be changes in forestry practices?

GWWAMAN
Golden-winged Warbler population in Manitoba.

 

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Laura Erickson

Laura Erickson

Laura Erickson, 2014 recipient of the American Birding Association’s prestigious Roger Tory Peterson Award, has been a scientist, teacher, writer, wildlife rehabilitator, professional blogger, public speaker, photographer, American Robin and Whooping Crane Expert for the popular Journey North educational website, and Science Editor at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology. She’s written eight books about birds, including the best-selling Into the Nest: Intimate Views of the Courting, Parenting, and Family Lives of Familiar Birds (co-authored by photographer Marie Read); the National Outdoor Book Award winning Sharing the Wonder of Birds with Kids; 101 Ways to Help Birds; The Bird Watching Answer Book for the Cornell Lab of Ornithology; and the National Geographic Pocket Guide to Birds of North America. She’s currently a columnist and contributing editor for BirdWatching magazine, and is writing a field guide to the birds of Minnesota for the American Birding Association. Since 1986 she has been producing the long-running “For the Birds” radio program for many public radio stations; the program is podcast on iTunes. She lives in Duluth, Minnesota, with her husband, mother-in-law, licensed education Eastern Screech-Owl Archimedes, two indoor cats, and her little birding dog Pip.

Laura Erickson

Laura Erickson

Laura Erickson, 2014 recipient of the American Birding Association’s prestigious Roger Tory Peterson Award, has been a scientist, teacher, writer, wildlife rehabilitator, professional blogger, public speaker, photographer, American Robin and Whooping Crane Expert for the popular Journey North educational website, and Science Editor at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology. She’s written eight books about birds, including the best-selling Into the Nest: Intimate Views of the Courting, Parenting, and Family Lives of Familiar Birds (co-authored by photographer Marie Read); the National Outdoor Book Award winning Sharing the Wonder of Birds with Kids; 101 Ways to Help Birds; The Bird Watching Answer Book for the Cornell Lab of Ornithology; and the National Geographic Pocket Guide to Birds of North America. She’s currently a columnist and contributing editor for BirdWatching magazine, and is writing a field guide to the birds of Minnesota for the American Birding Association. Since 1986 she has been producing the long-running “For the Birds” radio program for many public radio stations; the program is podcast on iTunes. She lives in Duluth, Minnesota, with her husband, mother-in-law, licensed education Eastern Screech-Owl Archimedes, two indoor cats, and her little birding dog Pip.

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